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Máel Ruain
Saint Máel Ruain〔The name is also spelled Maelruain (modernised: Maolruain), and more rarely, Maelruan, Molruan and Melruain.〕 (died 792) was founder and abbot-bishop of the monastery of Tallaght (Co. Dublin, Ireland). He is often considered to be a leading figure of the monastic 'movement' that has become known to scholarship as the Céli Dé. He is not to be confused with the later namesake Máel Ruain, bishop of Lusca (Co. Dublin).
==The foundation of Tallaght==
Little is known of his life. Máel Ruain is not his personal name bestowed at birth or baptism, but his monastic name, composed of Old Irish ''máel'' ("one who is tonsured") and ''Ruain'' ("of Rúadán"), which may mean that he was a monk of St. Rúadán's monastery in Lothra (north Co. Tipperary).〔Byrnes, "Máel-Ruain." In ''Medieval Ireland. Encyclopedia'' (2005). pp. 308-9.〕 Though his background and early career remain obscure, he is commonly credited with the foundation of the monastery of Tallaght, sometimes called "Máel Ruain's Tallaght",〔Doherty, "Leinster, saints of." ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (2004).〕 in the latter half of the 8th century. This may be supported by an entry for 10 August in the ''Martyrology of Tallaght'', which notes that Máel Ruain came to Tallaght carrying with him "relics of the holy martyrs and virgins" (''cum suis reliquiis sanctorum martirum et uirginum''),〔''Martyrology of Tallaght'', ed. Best and Lawlor, p. 62.〕 apparently with an eye to founding his house.〔 There is at any rate no evidence for a religious establishment at Tallaght prior to Máel Ruain's arrival and although ''Tamlachtae'', the Old Irish name for Tallaght, refers to a burial ground, it was not yet the rule for cemeteries to be located adjacent to a church.〔 Precise details of the circumstances are unknown. A line in the Book of Leinster has been read as saying that in 774 the monk obtained the land at Tallaght from the Leinster king Cellach mac Dúnchada (d. 776), who came from the Uí Dúnchada sept of the Uí Dúnlainge branch of the Laigin, but there is no contemporary authority from the annals to support the statement.〔 In the ''Martyrology of Tallaght'' and the entries for his death in the Irish annals (see below), he is styled a bishop.
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